Conducted and Published by Risha Fatema

Please share about/introduce yourself.

I am Abhishek Narayan, currently serving as an Assistant Professor at Dr. K.N. Modi University, Newai. I specialize in Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Artificial Intelligence, with a deep passion for exploring the intersection between these two evolving fields.

I completed my BBA LLB from KLE Society’s Law College, Bengaluru, followed by an LLM from Jagannath University, Jaipur. I am also pursuing a PhD in Intellectual Property Rights at Manipal University, Jaipur,

In addition to my academic role, I have authored multiple research papers and co-authored a book titled Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights. ‘My primary goal is to contribute to meaningful legal scholarship while helping my student’s bridge theoretical knowledge with practical applications.

I strongly believe in the power of law as a tool to drive innovation, safeguard heritage, and promote sustainability, and I aim to continue my research and teaching with these goals in mind.

What inspired you to pursue a career in law?

My inspiration to pursue a career in law stems from a deep-rooted desire to make a meaningful impact on society by safeguarding rights and ensuring justice. Growing up, I was always intrigued by how laws shape our everyday lives, protect our freedoms, and uphold fairness. However, what truly sparked my passion was my interest in intellectual property, particularly how legal frameworks can promote innovation while protecting cultural heritage and traditional knowledge.

During my academic journey, I realized the law’s profound role in bridging the gap between technological advancements and societal needs. This blend of dynamic change and social responsibility drew me toward specializing in Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). I view law not just as a profession, but as a platform to address contemporary challenges, protect creativity, and advocate for sustainable solutions that benefit both individuals and communities.

Can you describe any challenges you faced during your journey to becoming a lawyer and how you overcame them?

The path to becoming a lawyer is often filled with challenges, and my journey was no exception. One of the first major obstacles I faced was adapting to the rigorous and diverse nature of legal education. Law is a vast field, encompassing numerous disciplines such as criminal law, constitutional law, civil law, and corporate law, each requiring a different mind-set and approach. Mastering these areas while maintaining a deep focus on specific legal principles was challenging, but it also broadened my perspective. I overcame this challenge by dedicating myself to extensive reading, case study analysis, and active participation in moot courts, which sharpened my legal reasoning and practical skills.

Another significant challenge was, understanding the complexity of how the law operates in real-world scenarios. While legal theory is essential, applying it in practice—whether in courtrooms, client interactions, or negotiations—requires a different set of skills. To bridge this gap, I sought internships at law firms, engaged in pro bono work, and collaborated with practicing lawyers. These experiences gave me invaluable insight into the realities of the legal profession and allowed me to refine my problem-solving abilities.

The evolving nature of the legal landscape also posed a challenge, particularly with technological advancements and changes in the socio-political climate. Staying updated on new laws, judicial interpretations, and global legal trends required constant learning and adaptability. I overcame this by attending legal seminars, engaging in continuous professional development, and cultivating a habit of researching the latest legal developments.

On a personal level, balancing academic pressure, internships, and personal commitments was difficult, but my passion for the law, coupled with a strong support system from family and mentors, helped me stay focused and motivated throughout.

What specific areas of law do you specialize in and how did you develop an interest in that?

I specialize in Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) law, Competition law and Contract though my interest in law extends across a broad spectrum of legal fields. My journey toward these specializations was shaped by my fascination with the evolving intersection of technology, creativity, and legal frameworks.

During my academic career, I was initially drawn to the broader study of law, exploring various fields such as constitutional law, contract law, and criminal law. However, I found myself particularly captivated by the role of law in safeguarding innovation, culture, and technological advancements. Intellectual Property Rights, in particular, appealed to me due to its significance in balancing individual creativity with public interest, and its global impact on industries like media, technology, and pharmaceuticals.

My interest in Artificial Intelligence grew from recognizing its transformative potential across sectors, including law. As AI technologies began to evolve, it became clear that the legal landscape needed to adapt to the challenges and opportunities posed by AI. This led me to focus on how AI can not only benefit legal practices but also raise questions of liability, ownership and ethics—all of which require a robust legal framework.

I developed expertise in these fields through dedicated research, teaching, and active engagement in conferences and workshops related to technology and law. Additionally, my academic writing and co-authorship of a book titled Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights’ allowed me to delve deeper into these emerging issues, making them my core focus areas.

Can you describe your role as a Junior Legal Assistant with the Medical and Health Department of Rajasthan?

As a Junior Legal Assistant with the Medical and Health Department of Rajasthan, my role primarily involved providing legal support and guidance on a wide range of issues related to public health and healthcare regulations. One of my key responsibilities was to ensure that the department’s policies and procedures complied with both state and national laws, particularly in areas such as medical ethics, healthcare rights, and public health safety.

Additionally, I assisted in handling litigation matters related to healthcare, including cases involving medical negligence, patient rights, and disputes over healthcare service delivery. This often required close collaboration with medical professionals and administrators to gather evidence, draft responses, and ensure that legal proceedings were handled efficiently.

I also played a crucial role in policy formulation advising on new regulations and amendments to existing laws to ensure that healthcare services were delivered in a legally compliant manner. My position allowed me to work closely with senior legal officers and health professionals, gaining insight into the complexities of healthcare law and its impact on public health administration.

This experience not only sharpened my legal skills but also deepened my understanding of how law interacts with the healthcare sector, reinforcing the importance of clear and fair legal frameworks in delivering essential services to the public.

How did you handle cases and complaints filed by people against doctors or the institution?

Handling cases and complaints filed by individuals against doctors or medical institutions required a balanced approach, ensuring both legal compliance and fairness for all parties involved. My first priority was to thoroughly investigate the complaints by gathering all relevant facts and evidence. This often included reviewing medical records, consulting with healthcare professionals, and conducting interviews with both the complainants and the medical personnel involved.

Once the facts were established, I worked closely with the department’s senior legal team to assess whether the complaint had merit from a legal standpoint. In cases of medical negligence or misconduct, it was crucial to ensure that the claims were supported by substantive evidence before moving forward with any legal action or settlement discussions.

Where appropriate, I also facilitated mediation or negotiation between the parties to resolve disputes outside of court. This process involved creating an environment where the patient or complainant felt heard, while also ensuring that the doctors or institution could provide their perspective. The goal was to reach a fair outcome that respected both the legal rights of the patient and the professional responsibilities of the healthcare providers.

In more complex or contentious cases, where legal proceedings were necessary, I assisted in preparing legal defences for the doctors or institutions, or in guiding them through the litigation process. This involved drafting responses, coordinating with external legal counsel, and ensuring the department’s compliance with healthcare regulations.

Throughout the process, maintaining transparency, adhering to legal standards, and upholding ethical responsibilities were key to resolving complaints in a fair and just manner.

What are some of the most challenging legal matters you handle during role as Junior Legal Assistant?

In my role as a Junior Legal Assistant with the Medical and Health Department of Rajasthan, some of the most challenging legal matters I encountered revolved around complex cases of medical negligence and regulatory compliance. One of the significant challenges was navigating the intricacies of medical negligence claims, which often involved deciphering detailed medical records and understanding complex medical procedures to establish whether there was a breach of duty. These cases required a meticulous examination of both legal and medical standards, and collaborating with experts in the field was crucial to building a solid case.

Another challenging aspect was handling regulatory compliance issues. The healthcare sector is heavily regulated, and ensuring that the department and affiliated institutions adhered to a myriad of state and national regulations was both critical and complex. This included interpreting and applying regulations concerning public health safety, patient rights, and medical ethics. The dynamic nature of healthcare regulations, combined with frequent updates and amendments, meant that staying informed and ensuring compliance was a continuous challenge.

Additionally, managing litigation involving disputes between patients and healthcare providers presented its own set of difficulties. These cases often involved balancing the rights of patients with the professional and legal obligations of doctors and institutions. Ensuring that both parties were treated fairly and that all legal procedures were followed meticulously was a delicate and challenging task. It required not only legal expertise but also a nuanced understanding of the emotional and ethical dimensions of healthcare disputes.

Overall, these challenging matters required a combination of legal acumen, attention to detail, and the ability to work collaboratively with various stakeholders to achieve just and equitable outcomes. The experiences honed my skills in legal analysis, case management, and regulatory compliance, underscoring the complexity and impact of legal work in the healthcare sector.

What motivated you to transition from your earlier position (Junior Legal Assistant) to academia?

The transition from my role as a Junior Legal Assistant to academia was driven by a profound desire to contribute to the field of law in a different capacity. During my tenure as a Junior Legal Assistant, I gained invaluable practical experience and a deep understanding of the legal challenges within the healthcare sector. This experience was instrumental in shaping my perspective on the law’s role in addressing complex societal issues.

However, as I engaged with diverse legal matters and collaborated with various stakeholders, I began to realize my passion for legal education and research. I found immense fulfilment in analysing legal principles, exploring their applications, and sharing knowledge with others. This growing interest in the theoretical aspects of law and my desire to influence the next generation of legal professionals motivated me to pursue an academic career.

Academia offers a unique platform to delve into specialized areas of law, conduct in-depth research, and contribute to the development of legal scholarship. The ability to explore intricate legal topics, such as Intellectual Property Rights, competition law, contract laws, law of crimes, and law of evidence as well and to engage with students and colleagues in intellectual discourse aligns with my professional aspirations and personal interests. Teaching allows me to impart practical insights and theoretical knowledge, bridging the gap between legal practice and academic theory.

Additionally, the academic environment provides an opportunity for continuous learning and growth, fostering an environment where innovative ideas and critical thinking are encouraged. This transition enables me to blend my practical legal experience with my academic pursuits, making a broader impact on both the legal field and the academic community.

How do you approach teaching complex legal concepts to students with diverse backgrounds?

Firstly, I focus on breaking down complex concepts into more manageable parts. I start by introducing fundamental principles and gradually build up to more intricate ideas. This step-by-step approach helps students grasp the basics before tackling more advanced topics.

To address the diverse backgrounds of my students, I make an effort to connect the content to their individual experiences and interests. I encourage students to share their insights and apply legal concepts to scenarios relevant to their own contexts. This not only enriches the learning experience but also fosters a more inclusive classroom environment.

Additionally, I prioritize feedback and support, providing extra resources and one-on-one assistance to students who may need additional help. Regular assessments and open communication allow me to gauge students’ understanding and adjust my teaching methods accordingly.

What strategies do you use to engage students and foster critical thinking in your classes?

Interactive Learning: I incorporate interactive teaching methods such as case studies, role-playing, and simulations. These activities immerse students in real-world scenarios where they must apply legal principles and solve problems. For instance, analyzing landmark cases or engaging in moot court exercises helps students understand complex legal issues and develop practical skills.

Real-World Applications: Connecting theoretical concepts to practical applications is crucial for engagement. I integrate real-world examples and current legal developments into the curriculum. This helps students see the relevance of what they are learning and how it applies to contemporary issues.

How do you handle differing opinions and debates in the classroom?

Handling differing opinions and debates in the classroom involves fostering a respectful and inclusive environment where all perspectives are valued. I start by establishing clear guidelines for respectful communication to ensure that students feel comfortable sharing their views. During discussions, I act as a neutral facilitator, guiding the conversation and encouraging students to support their arguments with evidence and logical reasoning. When conflicts arise, I address them promptly and diplomatically, helping to mediate and redirect the discussion as needed to maintain a constructive atmosphere. I also make a concerted effort to include diverse perspectives, recognizing the value of varied viewpoints and ensuring that every student has an opportunity to contribute. After debates, I often facilitate reflection sessions to help students process what they’ve learned and understand how their perspectives might have evolved. By creating a space where differing opinions are seen as opportunities for learning and growth, I aim to enhance students’ critical thinking skills and deepen their understanding of the subject matter.

Do you incorporate your practical experience from the earlier role into your teaching?

Absolutely. My practical experience as a Junior Legal Assistant deeply influences my teaching approach. The real-world challenges and insights I gained from working on complex legal matters, such as medical negligence cases and regulatory compliance, enrich my classroom instruction. I integrate these experiences into my lessons by using real-life examples and case studies to illustrate legal concepts, making them more relatable and tangible for students. This not only helps bridge the gap between theory and practice but also provides students with practical perspectives on how legal principles are applied in various scenarios. Additionally, the skills I developed in legal analysis, problem-solving, and case management are reflected in my teaching methods, where I emphasize critical thinking, practical problem-solving, and a nuanced understanding of the law. By sharing these practical experiences, I aim to offer students a more comprehensive and applied understanding of legal issues, preparing them for real-world legal challenges.

How do you incorporate recent legal developments into your curriculum?

For instance, I might include recent landmark cases or recent amendments to laws as case studies, which not only illustrate how legal principles evolve but also help students understand their practical implications. Additionally, I often incorporate current legal news and debates into class discussions, encouraging students to analyse and critique recent legal developments. This approach not only keeps the curriculum relevant but also engages students in real-time legal issues, fostering a deeper understanding of how the law adapts to new challenges. By linking theoretical concepts with recent legal developments, I aim to provide students with a dynamic and practical education that prepares them for the ever-evolving legal landscape.

What do you find most rewarding about teaching law?

What I find most rewarding about teaching law is the opportunity to shape and influence the next generation of legal professionals. Witnessing students grasp complex legal concepts, develop critical thinking skills, and apply their knowledge in practical contexts is incredibly fulfilling. Teaching allows me to see students grow intellectually and professionally, and to contribute to their journey toward becoming competent, ethical practitioners of the law. Ultimately, the impact that teaching has on students’ lives and careers is what makes it so rewarding. Seeing students succeed and knowing that I played a role in their development is a powerful and motivating experience.

How do you balance your responsibilities as an Assistant Professor with your Ph.D.?

Balancing the responsibilities of being an Assistant Professor with pursuing a Ph.D. requires effective time management, organization, and prioritization. I approach this balance by creating a structured schedule that allocates dedicated time for teaching, research, and personal study. By setting clear goals and deadlines for my Ph.D. research and regularly reviewing my progress, I ensure that I stay on track with both my academic responsibilities and my doctoral studies.

Can you describe about your Ph.D. and its significance in law and current scenario?

My Ph.D. research focuses on the intersection of traditional knowledge, traditional cultural expressions, and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in India, specifically examining the adequacy of existing legal frameworks in protecting these cultural assets. This area of study is highly significant in both legal scholarship and contemporary legal practice for several reasons. This research is significant as it bridges the gap between legal theory and practical protection of cultural heritage. It offers insights into how IPR laws can be adapted to better address the unique challenges posed by traditional knowledge and cultural expressions. Additionally, the study provides recommendations for policy changes and legal innovations that can support the preservation of cultural diversity and promote fair practices in the global marketplace.

Overall, my Ph.D. research not only contributes to academic discussions but also has practical implications for enhancing the protection of cultural heritage in an increasingly interconnected world.

Please share some highlights of your publications.

Here are some highlights of my publications which I did in this on-going academic session:

Harmonizing Innovation and Sustainability: The Convergence of IP and Environmental Laws” – Published in the Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research (Volume VI, Issue III, ISSN: 2582-8878). This paper explores the intersection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and environmental law, emphasizing how legal frameworks can be designed to balance innovation with sustainability. It examines how IP laws can be adapted to promote environmental protection while fostering technological advancement.

Generative AI, Copyright, and Artificial Intelligence: A Legal Odyssey through Challenges and Opportunities” – this manuscript was published as a chapter in a book by Notion Publications. This chapter, presented at the International Conference on ETHICO-LEGAL DIMENSIONS OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES: A PATHWAY TO RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION, delves into the legal challenges and opportunities arising from the intersection of generative AI and copyright law. It provides a detailed analysis of how existing legal frameworks can address the unique issues posed by AI technologies.

Book: “Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights” – Co-authored and dedicated to my mother, this book examines the evolving relationship between AI technologies and IPR. It discusses the implications of AI on traditional IP concepts and proposes legal strategies to address the challenges and opportunities presented by these technologies.

Research Paper on Traditional Knowledge and Practices of Kerala – This upcoming paper will focus on the traditional cultural expressions of Kerala and critique the inadequacies of Indian IPR laws in protecting these cultural assets. It will include case laws, examples, statistical data, and recommendations for improving legal protection for traditional knowledge.

Additionally I have 17 papers of National and International repute published in National as well as International journals.

How do you ensure that your research remains relevant and impactful?

To ensure that my research remains relevant and impactful, I focus on several key strategies. First, I stay actively engaged with current developments in my field by participating in conferences, workshops, and reading recent literature. This continuous learning process helps me align my research with emerging trends and pressing issues.

I emphasize the practical implications of my work, aiming to connect theoretical insights with real-world applications. This involves considering how my findings can inform policy-making, drive legal reforms, and address practical challenges faced by practitioners and policymakers.

Lastly, I regularly evaluate the relevance of my research by assessing its contribution to existing knowledge and its alignment with current developments. This ongoing evaluation process ensures that my research continues to address contemporary issues and maintains its significance over time.

What do you enjoy most about working in academia compared to your previous role?

What I enjoy most about working in academia, compared to my previous role in legal practice, is the opportunity to engage in continuous intellectual growth and contribute to the academic community. In academia, I have the freedom to explore a wide range of legal theories and research topics, which allows me to stay at the forefront of legal scholarship and contribute new insights to the field. This intellectual engagement is deeply fulfilling and provides a sense of purpose that is different from the more practical and often high-pressure nature of legal practice.

Additionally, teaching offers a unique and rewarding experience. The ability to shape the minds of future legal professionals and witness their development over time is incredibly gratifying. Helping students grasp complex legal concepts, encouraging their critical thinking, and supporting their academic and professional growth provides a sense of accomplishment that is distinct from client-focused legal work.

What skills or experiences from your time in law school do you find most valuable in your current role?

The skills and experiences I developed during law school have profoundly influenced my current role in academia. One of the most valuable aspects has been the cultivation of analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Law school taught me to dissect complex legal issues, craft well-reasoned arguments, and approach problems from multiple angles. This analytical framework is essential in academia, where I apply similar methods to research and teach intricate legal concepts, helping students to develop their own critical thinking skills.

Research skills are another significant asset. The rigorous training in legal research methods during law school has been directly transferable to my academic work. It allows me to conduct thorough investigations, analyse legal texts with precision, and synthesize information from diverse sources to contribute meaningfully to scholarly discourse.

What do you consider to be the most important skills for a law student to excel in legal field?

Interpersonal skills are important for building and maintaining professional relationships. Law students need to cultivate skills such as empathy, negotiation, and collaboration, as these are vital for working effectively with clients, colleagues, and other stakeholders in the legal field.

How do you manage multiple things and maintain work-life balance in this demanding profession?

Time management plays a crucial role in balancing work and personal life. I use various tools and techniques to organize my schedule, such as digital planners and task management apps. Allocating specific times for work-related activities and personal time helps me stay organized and prevents work from encroaching on personal time.

Setting boundaries is another key strategy. Clearly defining work hours and personal time helps in maintaining a healthy balance. By establishing these boundaries, I ensure that I have dedicated time to relax, engage in hobbies, and spend time with family and friends, which contributes to overall well-being and prevents burnout.

What advice would you give to law students or recent graduates aspiring to similar positions?

For law students and recent graduates aspiring to positions in academia or any specialized legal field, my advice would focus on a combination of practical skills, continuous learning, and professional development.

First, cultivate strong research and analytical skills. These are crucial in law, whether for academic roles or legal practice. Engage deeply with legal texts, case law, and academic literature to develop a thorough understanding of your area of interest. Practical experience through internships, clerkships, or research assistant positions can also provide valuable insights and enhance your ability to analyze and interpret complex legal issues.

Develop effective communication skills, both written and oral. The ability to articulate complex legal concepts clearly and persuasively is essential. Practice writing and presenting your ideas in a structured and accessible manner, whether through academic papers, presentations, or public speaking opportunities. Strong communication skills will serve you well in teaching, publishing, and interacting with colleagues and clients.

Embrace a commitment to lifelong learning. The legal field is constantly evolving, and staying current with new developments, emerging trends, and evolving legal theories is important. Attend conferences, participate in workshops, and read recent publications to keep your knowledge up-to-date. This on-going learning process will help you remain relevant and contribute meaningfully to your field.

Build a network of professionals and mentors. Establishing connections with experienced professionals, academics, and colleagues can provide guidance, support, and opportunities for collaboration. Networking can also open doors to job opportunities and help you gain insights into different career paths.

Seek out opportunities for practical experience. Hands-on experience in various legal settings, whether through internships, externships, or clinical programs, can provide a solid foundation for your career. These experiences offer real-world insights and help you apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations.

Lastly, develop resilience and adaptability. The legal profession can be demanding and competitive, so being able to adapt to changing circumstances and handle setbacks with a positive attitude is essential. Cultivate a strong work ethic, remain open to feedback, and be proactive in seeking opportunities for growth.